Article
Strategies for Improving the E-Waste Management Supply
Chain Sustainability in Indonesia (Jakarta)
Nurhadi Wibowo
1,2
, Jerry Kuswara Piton
2
, Rahmat Nurcahyo
1,
* , Djoko Sihono Gabriel
1
, Farizal Farizal
1
and Alfian Ferdiansyah Madsuha
3
Citation: Wibowo, N.; Piton, J.K.;
Nurcahyo, R.; Gabriel, D.S.; Farizal, F.;
Madsuha, A.F. Strategies for
Improving the E-Waste Management
Supply Chain Sustainability in
Indonesia (Jakarta). Sustainability
2021, 13, 13955. https://doi.org/
10.3390/su132413955
Academic Editor: Idiano D’Adamo
Received: 5 November 2021
Accepted: 13 December 2021
Published: 17 December 2021
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Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
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4.0/).
1
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Campus Baru UI, Universitas Indonesia,
Depok 16424, Indonesia; nurh4diwibowo@gmail.com (N.W.); dsihono@gmail.com (D.S.G.);
farizal@eng.ui.ac.id (F.F.)
2
National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia (BRIN-RI), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia;
jerrykuswara@gmail.com
3
Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Campus Baru UI,
Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia; alfian@eng.ui.ac.id
* Correspondence: rahmat@eng.ui.ac.id
Abstract:
Electronic waste (e-waste) has become one of the fastest-growing waste streams in the
world. However, only 17.4% of it can be collected and recycled in 2019. This study aims to formulate
strategies to improve the supply chain of e-waste management in Indonesia. Methods used to develop
strategies in this study are the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), the
Analytical Network Process (ANP), Strength–Weaknesses–Opportunities–Threats (SWOT), and the
Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). The results show that infrastructure criteria have
the largest weight, that is 0.267, followed by a social environment with 0.261, regulation with 0.244,
stakeholder with 0.122, and economy with 0.054. The top priority of the selected strategies is
to improve public education (ST1) and provide socialization of regulations and sanctions to the
public (ST2).
Keywords: e-waste management; supply chain; strategy; environment; recycling; sustainability
1. Introduction
Electronic waste (e-waste) becomes one of the fastest-growing waste streams world-
wide [
1
]. In 2019, a total of 53.6 million tons (Mt) of e-waste were produced across the
world, which represents 21% in just 5 years. E-waste is divided into six main categories
that are very suitable for the characteristics of their waste management. The categories are
temperature changing equipment; panels and display screens; lights; large-size equipment;
small-size equipment; small information technology; and telecommunication equipment;
however, 17.4% of e-waste regenerated in 2019 can be recovered and recycled [
2
]. Indonesia
leads with the highest Southeast Asian e-waste rate of 745 thousand tons/year, followed
by Thailand with 418 thousand tons/year. Otherwise, Malaysia is next to Indonesia with
250 thousand tons/year and then Singapore with 109 thousand tons/year. However,
Cambodia became the country with the lowest rate of e-waste in Southeast Asia, with
16 thousand tons/year. The high amount of e-waste in Indonesia needs to be balanced with
an effective e-waste management infrastructure so that more opportunities for e-waste
utilization in Indonesia may be pursued [3].
According to Santoso et al. [
4
], the average yearly growth rate of e-waste in Indonesia
is 14.91%. The overall amount of e-waste generated in Indonesia is expected to reach
49.6 million units (487 thousand tons) by 2028 [
4
]. In 2014, Indonesia contributed to 37% of
total e-waste; consequently, recycling facilities have to support the appropriate television
recycling process [
5
]. However, because there are so few licensed recycling companies
in Indonesia, most e-waste is dumped recklessly. The community disposes of e-waste
Sustainability 2021, 13, 13955. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413955 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
