Citation: Lu, Z.; Song, J.; Huang, L.;
Ren, C.; Xiao, Z.; Li, B. Distortionless
1/2 Overlap Windowing in
Frequency Domain Anti-Jamming of
Satellite Navigation Receivers.
Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 1801. https://
doi.org/10.3390/rs14081801
Academic Editors: Kamil Krasuski
and Damian Wierzbicki
Received: 20 February 2022
Accepted: 6 April 2022
Published: 8 April 2022
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4.0/).
Technical Note
Distortionless 1/2 Overlap Windowing in Frequency Domain
Anti-Jamming of Satellite Navigation Receivers
Zukun Lu
1,
* , Jie Song
1
, Long Huang
1
, Chao Ren
2
, Zhibin Xiao
1
and Baiyu Li
1
1
College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology,
Changsha 410073, China; songjie16@nudt.edu.cn (J.S.); longhuang@nudt.edu.cn (L.H.);
xiaozhibin@nudt.edu.cn (Z.X.); lby0505@nudt.edu.cn (B.L.)
2
Beijing BDStar Navigation Co., Ltd., Beijing 100080, China; chaoren@bdstar.com
* Correspondence: luzukun@nudt.edu.cn; Tel.: +86-155-7499-3958
Abstract:
Frequency-domain anti-jamming technology is a common anti-jamming method for satellite
navigation receivers. 1/2 overlapping windowing can effectively solve the spectrum leakage in the
frequency domain conversion process, but the traditional window function will cause the loss of
signal energy. This paper proposes a window function design method with no loss of signal energy,
which can effectively solve the signal energy loss caused by the window function. The feasibility
of the proposed method is theoretically deduced, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is
verified by simulation and measured data. Compared with the traditional window function, the
signal-to-noise ratio improvement of the method proposed in this paper is better than 0.5 dB. The
frequency domain anti-jamming processing is optimized, the signal-to-noise ratio loss caused by the
anti-jamming processing is reduced, and the anti-jamming performance is indirectly improved. This
plays an important role in the performance optimization of satellite navigation system links.
Keywords:
satellite navigation; navigation receiver; frequency domain anti-jamming;
overlap windowing
1. Introduction
The satellite navigation system represented by GPS has developed by leaps and bounds
in the past 20 years [
1
,
2
]. At present, four global satellite navigation systems such as GPS,
Beidou, Galileo, and GLONASS have been constructed, which have become important in-
formation infrastructures worldwide [
3
–
6
]. The Satellite navigation system has been widely
used in transportation, electricity, finance, and monitoring of mountains and bridges [
7
–
9
].
In addition, every mobile phone has satellite navigation functions [
10
]. In terms of military
applications, satellite navigation systems are used in ships, aircraft, tanks, precision-guided
bombs, and missiles [
11
–
13
]. Satellite navigation systems have played an important role in
improving the combat effectiveness of combat platforms. Satellite navigation systems have
shown great application value in both civilian and military applications.
However, with the rapid development of global radio technology and the large-
scale application of satellite navigation systems, satellite navigation systems are inevitably
subject to some intentional or unintentional interference [
14
–
16
]. The existing global satellite
navigation systems all use medium and high-orbit constellations, and the geostationary
orbit satellites. The orbital altitudes of medium and high-orbit constellates operate at
an altitude of around the 20,000 km, and the GEO satellites’ orbital altitudes exceed
30,000 km
, which are limited by the energy of the satellites, making it difficult for satellites
to continuously transmit high-power navigation signals [
17
–
19
]. When the signal reaches
the ground, the signal power is already very weak; its absolute level is about
−
130 dBm,
which is 30 dB lower than the noise, for a receiver bandwidth of 20 MHz. Satellite navigation
signals are mainly concentrated in the L-band. Due to the natural advantages of the L-band,
some communication and radar signals are also in the L-band [
20
–
22
]. Although there is
no spectrum overlap between systems, the spurious and leakage of communication and
Remote Sens. 2022, 14, 1801. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081801 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing
