EM 1110-2-38 土木工程项目设计中的环境质量

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ENGCW-EM
Engineer
Manual
No.
1110-2-38
DEPARTMENT
OF
THE
ARMY
Office
of
the
Chief
of
Engineers
Washington, D.C. 20314
ENGINEERING
AND
DESIGN
EM
1110-2-38
3
May
1971
Environmental
Quality
in
Design
of
Civil
Works
Projects
1.
Purpose.
This
manual
furnishes
guidance
on
the
environmental
quality
aspects
of
engineering
design
for
Civil
Works
projects.
This
guidance
pertains
to
the
design
of
those
project
features
which
previously
have been
selected
as
the
best
alternative
for
project
development
in
the
project
formulation
process.
2.
Applicability.
It
is
applicable
to
all
divisions
and
districts
having
Civil
Works
responsibilities.
3.
Policy.
Maintenance and improvement
of
the
environment--including
avoidance
of
destruction
or
degradation,
preservation,
and enhancement
(including
restoration)--in
a manner
calculated
to
foster
and promote
the
general
welfare,
allow
man
and
nature
to
exist
in
productive
harmony, and
fulfill
social,
economic, and
other
requirements
of
present
and
future
generations
of
Americans,
is
established
by
PL
91-190
as
a
valid
objective
of
Federal
programs.
Therefore,
it
shall
be
treated
equally
with
other
established
objectives
in
the
design
of
Civil
Works
projects.
4.
Environmental
Quality
Objective.
The
environmental
quality
objective
is
to
preserve
or
enhance
certain
water
and
related
resources
and
amenities
that
have
ecological,
cultural,
aesthetic
or
other
values
which
make
them
significant
in
terms
of
environmental
quality.
Ecologi-
cal
values
pertain
to
the
structure
and
function
of
ecosystems
-
in
essence
man's
habitat.
Cultural
values
are
characterized
by
that
which
is
man's
heritage.
Aesthetic
values
are
attributed
to
man's
sensory
perception
of
the
environment.
5.
Nature
of
Environmental
Quality~
Environmental
quality
is
the
aggregate
of
subjective
and
objective
expressions
of
the
capability
of
the
environment
to
serve
the
full
range
of
man's
needs.
On
the
one
hand,
its
dimensions
include
things
as
specific
as
physical
measures
of
the
condition
of
land,
water,
and
air,
generally
expressed
as
standards;
on
the
other
hand,
things
as
illusive
as
the
spiritual
and
therapeutic
value
of
beautiful
natural
scenery,
or
the
knowledge
that
such
areas
exist.
This
Manual
supersedes
EM
1110-2-38,
13
February
1968-
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