Citation: Kukartsev, V.A.;
Kukartsev, V.V.; Tynchenko, V.S.;
Bukhtoyarov, V.V.; Tynchenko, V.V.;
Sergienko, R.B.; Bashmur, K.A.;
Lysyannikov, A.V. The Technology of
Using Liquid Glass Mixture Waste for
Reducing the Harmful Environmental
Impact. Materials 2022, 15, 1220.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031220
Academic Editors: Arkadiusz Gola,
Chao Xu, Izabela Nielsen
and Patrik Grznár
Received: 21 November 2021
Accepted: 3 February 2022
Published: 6 February 2022
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Article
The Technology of Using Liquid Glass Mixture Waste for
Reducing the Harmful Environmental Impact
Viktor Alekseevich Kukartsev
1
, Vladislav Viktorovich Kukartsev
2,3
, Vadim Sergeevich Tynchenko
4,5,6,
* ,
Vladimir Viktorovich Bukhtoyarov
5,7
, Valeriya Valerievna Tynchenko
2,8
, Roman Borisovich Sergienko
9
,
Kirill Aleksandrovich Bashmur
5
and Aleksey Vasilyevich Lysyannikov
10
1
Department of Materials Science and Materials Processing Technology, Polytechnical Institute,
Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; vkukarstev@sfu-kras.ru
2
Department of Informatics, Institute of Space and Information Technologies, Siberian Federal University,
660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; vlad_saa_2000@mail.ru (V.V.K.); 051301@mail.ru (V.V.T.)
3
Department of Information Economic Systems, Institute of Engineering and Economics, Reshetnev Siberian
State University of Science and Technology, 660037 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
4
Information-Control Systems Department, Institute of Computer Science and Telecommunications,
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 660037 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
5
Department of Technological Machines and Equipment of Oil and Gas Complex, School of Petroleum and
Natural Gas Engineering, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; vladber@list.ru (V.V.B.);
bashmur@bk.ru (K.A.B.)
6
Digital Material Science: New Materials and Technologies, Bauman Moscow State Technical University,
105005 Moscow, Russia
7
Department of Information Technology Security, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and
Technology, 660037 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
8
Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, Institute of Computer Science and
Telecommunications, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology,
660037 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
9
Machine Learning Department, Gini GmbH, 80339 Munich, Germany; roman@gini.net
10
Department of Aviation Fuels and Lubricants, School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,
Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; alysyannikov@sfu-kras.ru
* Correspondence: vadimond@mail.ru; Tel.: +7-95-0973-0264
Abstract:
The spent liquid glass mixture, which is widely used in foundries as a binder after knocking
out of moldings, contains pieces of different sizes and strengths, and there is a strong silicate film
on the sand grains themselves. The proposed regeneration plants, which provide for the removal of
the silicate film by scrubbing, have low productivity and lead to abrasion of the grains themselves.
For this reason, the knocked-out mixture is taken to the dump. As a result of the study of the state of
the spent liquid glass mixture in the dump, it was found that, in the spent mixture that had lain for
8–10 years, under prolonged exposure to atmospheric precipitation at plus and minus temperatures,
part of the silicate film dissolves and almost all monolithic pieces are destroyed. Further use of
hydraulic regeneration allows us to reduce the film thickness and thereby reduce the percentage of
liquid glass from 5–5.5% to 0.8–1.2%. This made it possible to select the composition of the molding
sand for an automatic line, using the AlpHaset-process, which consists of 22–29% of liquid glass
mixture from a dump, 65–72% of liquid glass, 5.5% of liquid glass, and a hardener in the amount
of 0.55%.
Keywords:
AlpHaset system; cold-hardening mixture; foundry production; reclaimed product; sand
grain micro-specimen
1. Introduction
Among all types of inventory production, foundry shows the greatest material use
coefficient as reaching 70–90%. Current technology is capable of producing molds with a
weight ranging from several grams to 100, and more, tons [1].
Materials 2022, 15, 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031220 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials
